Many developed countries like the U.S.A, Australia, Russia, and the U.K have developed a smart traffic management system. A developing country like India is also working on a smart traffic management system. Vehicles selling are increasing in developing country and it led to an increase in traffic on the road. In India, in metro cities like Mumbai, Chennai, and Delhi, the issue of traffic management has become a critical issue compared to other cities. To manage traffic, countries like India are looking forward to adopting smart traffic solutions.
The smart traffic management systems help to detect the congestion area and according to it, it helps to reduce congestion. For this action, it uses sensors data to analyze and synchronize on a real-time basis. Traffic light blinks on the basis of congestion on given input data. Using this system it can reduce pollution and increase safety from road accidents.
The smart traffic management system has shown in the figure with sub modules like video system, traffic control system, computer control system, and peripheral unit. The traffic control unit is used to manage and control heavy traffic on the road. There is a video monitoring system which helps to monitor traffic via installed cameras and if vehicles at any particular location are increases then it informs to traffic control supervisor who takes steps to prevent a traffic jam.
The above system architecture shows the components which will be used in a system with the controlling system. The traffic control unit is used to manage traffic efficiently and to offer uninterrupted communication between the transmitter and the receiver. The peripherals handle the configuration of sensors and process it to detect the signals and send the response to the control unit. The control unit is used for communication between traffic flow detection and other peripherals devices.
Data Analytics and Intelligence: here, in this system, there is the use of data analytics and an intelligent system to handle congestion scenarios and control. The system will work in the below scenario.
Flow 1– the total vehicle number information transiting, crossing, and waiting for traffic at a particular time is sent by the traffic signal sensor device to the main server.
Flow 2 – the flow 1 data from sensors give as input to the data analytic and used by mobile agent at the smart traffic systems computer control system that is connected to the GIS mapping.
Flow 3- once the congestion level crossed the particular value, the data analytic engine sends a signals message to all the computers through mobile agent service situated at traffic controllers to divert the next alternative route or traffic-free route.
To detect the information, a smart traffic management system uses an RFID controller and RFID tag. RFID controller uses RFID interrogator which helps to communicate with RFID tag. The RFID controller receives a signal from the RFID interrogator.
Some advantages of smart traffic management are as follows.
Detection of congestion and reduction of traffic: traffic control unit gets information from the sensors and peripherals and helps to identify congestion of traffic. Based on the detection, the system takes self-decisions and performs an operation to reduce traffic.
Traffic light timing in real-time: The smart traffic management system helps traffic light to operate in real-time conditions. Traffic operates based on traffic congestion automatically.
Safety from road accidents: Due to the deployment of this system, the chances of road accidents can be minimized.
Reduction in pollution: Due to the good management of traffic flow, pollution can be reduced. People can save fuels and due to fuel saving, it leads to a reduction in pollution.
